Burnout is a prevalent occupational hazard among prison staff, particularly affecting prison caseworkers and correctional officers due to the high-stress nature of their work environment. This study examines the levels of burnout experienced by both groups and explores its impact on job performance, psychological well-being, and turnover intentions. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 250 participants across multiple correctional facilities. Findings indicate that prison caseworkers report significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization compared to correctional officers, potentially due to their more frequent interactions with inmates’ rehabilitation processes and paperwork demands. Conversely, correctional officers show higher levels of physical exhaustion linked to the demanding security and supervisory duties. The study highlights the critical need for targeted interventions such as stress management programs, organizational support, and improved work conditions to mitigate burnout and enhance job satisfaction and motivation among correctional staff. Addressing burnout is essential not only for the well-being of prison staff but also for maintaining effective correctional facility operations.